Uma uvakashela ifekthri yesimanje futhi ubuka izinto zikagesi ezimangalisayo ezisebenza kuseli yokuhlanganisa, uzobona izinzwa ezihlukahlukene ezibonisiwe. Eziningi zalezi zinzwa zinezintambo ezihlukene zokunikezwa kwamandla kagesi, umhlabathi kanye nesiginali. Ukusebenzisa amandla kuvumela inzwa ukuthi yenze umsebenzi wayo, noma ngabe lokho ukubona ukuba khona kwezinsimbi ze-ferromagnetic eduze noma ukuthumela i-beam yokukhanya njengengxenye yesistimu yokuphepha yesikhungo. Amaswishi emishini ethobekile acupha lezi zinzwa, njengokushintshwa komhlanga, adinga izintambo ezimbili kuphela ukwenza umsebenzi wawo. Lezi zinguquko zisebenza kusetshenziswa izinkundla kazibuthe.
Iyini I-Reed Switch?
Iswishi yomhlanga yazalwa ngo-1936. Kwakuyingqondo ye-WB Ellwood e-Bell Telephone Laboratories, futhi yazuza ilungelo layo lobunikazi ngo-1941. Iswishi ibukeka njengekhepsuli yengilazi encane enamalebula kagesi aphuma ekugcineni ngakunye.
Isebenza Kanjani I-Reed Switch?
I-switching mechanism inama-blade amabili e-ferromagnetic, ahlukaniswe ama-microns ambalwa kuphela. Lapho uzibuthe usondela kulawa ma-blade, lawa ma-blade amabili ayadonselana. Uma sezithinte, ama-blades avala oxhumana nabo abavame ukuvuleka (NO), okuvumela ugesi ukuthi ugeleze. Amanye amaswishi omhlanga nawo aqukethe ukuthintana okungeyona i-ferromagnetic, okwenza okukhiphayo kuvalwe ngokujwayelekile (NC). Umazibuthe osondelayo uzonqamula othintana naye futhi asuke kothintana naye oshintshayo.
Oxhumana nabo bakhiwa ngezinsimbi ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise ne-tungsten ne-rhodium. Ezinye izinhlobo zisebenzisa i-mercury, okufanele igcinwe endaweni efanele ukuze ishintshe ngendlela efanele. Imvilophu yengilazi egcwele igesi engenzi lutho—imvamisa i-nitrogen—ivala othintana nabo ngokucindezela kwangaphakathi ngaphansi komkhathi owodwa. Ukuvalwa kuvala othintana nabo, okuvimbela ukugqwala nanoma yiziphi izinhlansi ezingase zibangelwe ukunyakaza othintana naye.
Izicelo Zokushintsha Umhlanga Emhlabeni Wangempela
Uzothola izinzwa ezintweni zansuku zonke njengezimoto nemishini yokuwasha, kodwa enye yezindawo ezigqame kakhulu lezi zinzwa ezisebenza kuzo ikuma-alamu okugqekeza. Eqinisweni, ama-alamu awuhlelo lokusebenza oluphelele lwalobu buchwepheshe. Iwindi eligudlukayo noma umnyango ufaka uzibuthe, futhi inzwa ihlala phansi, idlulisa isignali kuze kukhishwe uzibuthe. Uma iwindi livuliwe—noma uma othile enqamula ucingo—kuyokhala i-alamu.
Nakuba ama-alamu abagqekezi esetshenziswa kahle kakhulu ekushintsheni komhlanga, le mishini ingaba mincane nakakhulu. Iswishi encane izongena ngaphakathi kwemishini yezokwelapha emunyiwe eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-PillCams. Uma isiguli sesigwinye uphenyo oluncane, udokotela angalusebenzisa esebenzisa uzibuthe ongaphandle komzimba. Lokhu kubambezeleka konga amandla kuze kube yilapho uphenyo lubekwe ngendlela efanele, okusho ukuthi amabhethri angaphakathi angaba mancane nakakhulu, isici esibalulekile kokuthile okuklanyelwe ukuhamba emgudwini wokudla womuntu. Ngaphandle kobukhulu balo obuncane, lolu hlelo lokusebenza luphinde lubonise ukuthi zingazwela kangakanani, njengoba lezi zinzwa zingacosha indawo kazibuthe ngenyama yomuntu.
Amaswishi omhlanga awadingi uzibuthe unomphela ukuze awasebenze; i-electromagnet relay ingabavula. Njengoba i-Bell Labs iqale yathuthukisa lezi zinguquko, akumangazi ukuthi imboni yezingcingo yasebenzisa ama-relays okulawula nokusebenza kwenkumbulo kwaze kwaba yilapho yonke into iba idijithali ngeminyaka yawo-1990. Lolu hlobo lokudlulisa alusawakhi umgogodla wesistimu yethu yokuxhumana, kodwa lusajwayelekile kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi namuhla.
Izinzuzo Reed Relays
Inzwa ye-Hall effect iyisisetshenziswa esinesimo esiqinile esikwazi ukubona izizinda kazibuthe, futhi ingenye ehlukile kuneswishi yomhlanga. Imiphumela yehholo ifaneleka ngempela kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, kodwa amaswishi omhlanga afaka ukuhlukaniswa kukagesi okuphakeme kunozakwabo wesifunda esiqinile, futhi abhekana nokungazwani nogesi okuncane ngenxa yokuxhumana okuvaliwe. Ukwengeza, ukushintsha komhlanga kungasebenza ngama-voltage ahlukahlukene, imithwalo namaza, njengoba iswishi sisebenza njengocingo oluxhunyiwe noma olunqanyuliwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uzodinga ukujikeleza okusekelayo ukuze unike amandla izinzwa ze-Hall ukuthi zenze umsebenzi wazo.
Amaswishi omhlanga afaka ukuthembeka okuphezulu ngendlela emangalisayo ekushintsheni komshini, futhi ayakwazi ukusebenza izigidigidi zemijikelezo ngaphambi kokuhluleka. Ukwengeza, ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwazo okuvalekile, zingasebenza endaweni eneziqhumane lapho inhlansi ingase ibe nemiphumela eyinhlekelele. Ukushintsha komhlanga kungase kube ubuchwepheshe obudala, kodwa kusekude nesikhathi. Ungasebenzisa amaphakheji aqukethe ukushintsha komhlanga kumabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe (ama-PCB) usebenzisa imishini yokukhetha nendawo ezenzakalelayo.
Ukwakhiwa kwakho okulandelayo kungase kudinge amasekhethi ahlanganisiwe nezingxenye, konke okuqale eminyakeni embalwa edlule, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukushintsha okuthobekile komhlanga. Iqeda umsebenzi wayo oyisisekelo wokushintsha ngendlela elula ngokumangalisayo. Ngemva kweminyaka engaphezu kwengu-80 yokusebenzisa nokuthuthuka, ungathembela ekwakhiweni okuzanyiwe nokweqiniso kwe-reed switch ukuthi isebenze ngokungaguquki.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-22-2024